synthesis and characterization of pd nanoparticle-modified magnetic sm2o3–zro2 as effective multifunctional catalyst for reduction of 2-nitrophenol and degradation of organic dyes

In this study, pd nanoparticle-modified magnetic sm2o3–zro2 material (pd–fe3o4–sm2o3–zro2) as multifunctional catalyst was fabricated and used for catalytic reduction of 2-nitrophenol compound, degradation of methylene blue and rhodamine b dyes, which are toxic pollutants. the magnetic material was used for the first time as a catalyst for the reduction and degradation studies. pd nanoparticle-modified magnetic sm2o3–zro2 catalyst was prepared using the deposition–precipitation methods and were characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, atomic absorption spectrometry, raman spectroscopy and bet surface analyzer. the pd nanoparticle-modified magnetic sm2o3–zro2 material can lead to high catalytic activity for the reduction of 2-nitrophenol and degradation of rhodamine b and methylene blue with > 95% conversion within ~ 2 and 80 s even when the content of pd in it is as low as 5.8 wt%.