synthesis, characterization of novel p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene derivatives and its application for extraction of alkali and transition elements

Formation of novel lower rim derivatives of p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene through direct reflux between p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene tetrahydrazides (cone, partial cone and 1,3-alternate conformers) and n-methylisatin in absolute ethanol. the study is clearly showed a facile synthesis of di- and tetrasubstituted p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene derivatives (2, 3 and 4) with excellent yields (up to 95%). the novel products were investigated by using the state-of-the-art techniques such as ft-ir, 1h-nmr and 13c-nmr spectroscopies. moreover, the potential applications of these derivatives were screened for their ability to detect and remove alkali and transition metals (li+, na+, k+, cs+, pb2+, cd2+, hg2+, ni2+, co2+, cu2+, ag+) using the liquid–liquid extraction method with promising results.