pd nanoparticles immobilized on the magnetic silica–chitosan nanocomposite (nife2o4@sio2@cs-pd nps) promoted the biaryl synthesis

Nife2o4 nanoparticles have been prepared by co-precipitation procedure and coated with sio2 following the stöber process. then, chitosan was covalently connected with silica to provide an excellent stabilizer and biosupport for the immobilization of pd nanoparticles. this magnetic bionanocatalyst was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, energy-dispersive x-ray, x-ray powder detection, vibrating sample magnetometer, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy techniques and chn analysis. the nife2o4@sio2@cs-pd nps exhibited high activity for the suzuki coupling reactions of various aryl halides with arylboronic acids. moreover, this catalyst could be recovered magnetically and recycled for nine times without significant loss of its activity.