روابط ساختاری سطوح کمال‌گرایی با عملکردهای شناختی در افراد دارای نشانه‌های اختلال وسواسی‌‌جبری: نقش میانجی سبک‌های شناختی

هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی روابط ساختاری سطوح کمال‌گرایی با عملکردهای شناختی با واسطه‌گری سبک‌های شناختی در افراد با نشانه‌های اختلال وسواسی‌‌جبری  بود. جامعۀ پژوهش حاضر دانشجویان دانشگاه تبریز بودند که تعداد 360 نفر نمونه با استفاده از روش هدفمند و از نوع دردسترس انتخاب شدند و به پرسشنامه‌های وسواسی اجباری مادزلی، کمال‌گرایی مثبت و منفی و سبک‌های یادگیری فلدر‌‌سولومان به‌صورت آنلاین پاسخ دادند. همچنین، سه آزمون ویسکانسین (wcst)، آزمون عملکرد پیوسته (cpt) و آزمون حافظۀ کاری وکسلر (wmt) به‌صورت نرم‌افزار رایانه‌ای اجرا شدند. نتایج نشان داد سبک شناختی تاملی قادر است روابط بین سطوح کمال‌گرایی مثبت و منفی با عملکردهای شناختی را میانجی‌گری کند. سطوح کمال‌گرایی به‌طور معنی‌دار، سبک شناختی تاملی و عملکردهای شناختی را پیش‌بینی می‌کنند. درنهایت، سطوح کمال‌گرایی و سبک شناختی تاملی در تعامل با یکدیگر، عملکردهای شناختی را پیش‌بینی می‌کنند و هرگونه مداخله دراین‌زمینه، باید اثرات تعاملی کمال‌گرایی و سبک شناختی تاملی را مدنظر قرار دهد.

structural relations of perfectionism levels and cognitive performance among individuals with symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder: the mediating role of cognitive styles

the aim of this study was to investigate the structural relations between perfectionism levels and cognitive performance in individuals with symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder mediated by cognitive styles.  the study population included students of university of tabriz. using convenience sampling, 360 subjects were selected. they completed madsley’s obsessive-compulsive disorder inventory, positive and negative perfectionism scale, and felder-solomon learning styles questionnaire online. also, wisconsin card sorting test, continuous performance task (cpt) and wechsler working memory test (wmt) were performed through computer software. results showed that reflective cognitive style could mediate the relationship between positive perfectionism and cognitive performance. besides, levels of perfectionism could significantly predict reflective cognitive style and cognitive performance significantly. hence, it could be concluded that levels of perfectionism and reflective cognitive style in interaction, predict cognitive performance in individuals with symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. it was also obtained that interventions in this field should consider the interactive effects of perfectionism and reflective cognitive style.introdctionaccording to the fifth edition of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (dsm-5-tr) obsessive-compulsive disorder (ocd) is diagnosed with features of obsessions or compulsions (american psychiatric association, 2022) and is based on the presence of unwanted and disturbing thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) (sugarman et al., 2017). studies have shown that ocd is associated with cognitive deficits (eisen et al., 2006) and the central point of the symptoms of this disorder is the inability to choose the desired stimulus and simultaneously ignore the irrelevant ones.accordingly, neuropsychological studies indicate that people with ocd have a significant difference with healthy people in executive functions and have a weaker performance. contradictory results have been obtained regarding the factors involved in the deficiencies related to the cognitive functions of people with ocd. accordingly, some studies have stated that the main cause of the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder is a general deficiency in the ability to selectively pay attention to the relevant stimulus and to inhibit attention to other competing environmental stimuli (de houwer et al., 2009). these researchers believe that the attentional bias of people with ocd is the result of their excessive sensitivity in detecting threats. on the other hand, in a study by chamberlain et al (2006) on motor inhibition and cognitive flexibility in obsessive hair pulling, damage was observed in motor response inhibition in obsessive-compulsive disorder (chamberlain et al., 2006).on the other hand, many studies have examined personal features that may facilitate or inhibit the cognitive performance, others have suggested that constructs such as perfectionism may play an effective role in cognitive performance (davis nolenhoeksema, 2000; stoeber eysenck, 2008), so that perfectionism, as a person’s tendency to have unrealistic standards and extreme self-evaluations, plays an important role in psychological disorders (rice stuart, 2010). on the other hand, in the explanation of cognitive problems in ocd people, some studies have emphasized the role of more fundamental factors, in which the cognitive functions of people with ocd are considered not as a disorder, but as a cognitive approach or style. &cognitive style& is a component of a person’s performance in how s/he solves a problem (kozhevinkov, 2007) and reveals the organization and psychological framework of that person. there have been no comprehensive studies on the relationship between cognitive styles and cognitive functions. on the whole, in line with the cognitive explanation of obsessive-compulsive disorder, the relationship between levels of perfectionism and cognitive functions with the mediation of reflective cognitive style is not clear. therefore, the present study aimed to determine