the history of education in old tabriz city and its philosophy in the qajar era (from the maktabs to formation of the new schools)

Education in the qajar era had been considered in iran, especially in tabriz. most kind people tried to help scientific development and performed many educational and cultural efforts. the establishment of printing, translation skills, publishing the newspapers, and new schools were the first efforts that had been made in tabriz. education was in maktab forms until nasereldin shah and had many limitations, but there were more than 100 maktabs in tabriz; most of the people were poor, the number of pupils was a few, and the lessons were religious. the classes in maktabs were held in houses and mosques. every maktab had characteristics. the methods of teaching were not equal. the teachers in maktabs had some notable qualifications. the maktabs in that period had many problems. the curriculum in maktabs involved quranic instructions, arabic grammar and some religious passages. in that period, some new schools were established by iranian muslims, such as roshdieh, mozafari, loghmanieh, mellieh, kamal and sanaye mostazrafe.