تمثیل الاسره من منظور النسویه الرادیکالیه والاسلام فی الروایه العربیه

تشکّلت النظریات النسویّه فی احتجاج النساء على ظروفها فی المجتمع وانعکست فی النتاجات الادبیّه للکاتبات المویّده لها. وادّى انتشار التیار النسویّ فی الغرب الى نشره فی المجتمعات العربیّه والاسلامیه الشرقیه، حیث تماشت کاتبات مثل نوال السعداوی وغاده السمان وغیرهما مع هذا الاتجاه معترضات على مکانه المراه ومواکبه لنشر وجهات نظر کاتبات نسویات، فیما وقفت کاتبات اخریات على العکس من ذلک، معارضات لهذا الاتجاه وواعیات لحرکه تستهدف عفه النساء المسلمات وتحدیداً فی المجتمعات الشرقیه واستندت علی المعاییر الاسلامیه فی اعمالها الادبیّه وتحدّت الآراء النسویّه المتطرفه حول قضایا المراه. تسعى الروائیه خوله القزوینی، الى نقد النسویّه الغربیّه فی روایتها «زینب بنت الاجاوید»، وفقاً للمبادئ الاسلامیه. وبما ان المراه العنصر البنیوی للاسره والاسره هی الدعامه الاساسیه للمجتمع البشری، وشرط دینامیکیتها واستقرارها ضروره العلاقات الصحیحه والمستقره بین الزوج والزوجه والابناء، اعتمد البحث، فی دراسه الاسره عاماً والمراه علی وجه الخصوص فی الروایه هذه، علی المنهج الوصفی - التحلیلی وتحلیل انعکاس وجهات نظر النسویّه الرادیکالیه والاسلام حولها. ومن اهمّ النتائج التی توصّلت الیها الدراسه انّ جمیع خصائص المراه المتاثره بتعالیم الاسلام قد تجمعت فی شخصیه زینب، وقد دُمّرت حیاه شخصیات نسائیه اخرى بابتعادهن عن الاعراف الاسلامیه الاصلیه المتعلقه بالاسره، وانّ العائله المتاثره بالنسویّه فقدت مهمتیها الاساسیتین: تلبیه الحاجات الجنسیه فی اطار محدّد، والاسره کمرکز للتعلیم والتربیه؛ بینما یعتبر الاسلام الرجل والمراه مکمّلین لبعضهما البعض، وقد اظهر ان الرجال والنساء متساوون فی المکانه الانسانیه، کما انّ نظره الاسلام القیمیه تختلف عن الآراء النسویّه حول وظائف الاسره، باستثناء مساهمه الاسره فی الاستغلال غیر المشروع للمراه والعنف الاسریّ ضدها؛ فان للاسلام فی حالات اخرى قیم ایجابیّه تجاه الوظائف العائلیّه.

Representation of Family from the Feminist and Islamic Perspectives in Arabic NovelCase Study: A Novel Titled Zainab bint Al-Ajaweed by Khawla Al-Qazwini

Feminist theories were formed as a result of women’s protest against their status in society. They have influenced literature and have been reflected in the works of pro-feminist writers. Formation of this movement in the West and its spread have led feminism and its theories to find their way in the East and the Arab and Islamic countries. In line with this movement and in order to spread feminist views, writers such as Nawal El Saadawi from Egypt, Ghada al-Samman and others strongly expressed their opposition regarding women’s status. On the other hand, some writers of the opposite group have tried to consciously stand against the movement that targets chastity and identity of Muslim women and eastern societies and, in the form of literary works, have challenged radical feminist viewpoints on women’s issues based on Islamic views, principles and criteria. Khawla Al-Qazwini, Kuwaiti writer, is a committed Muslim writer who seeks to criticize western feminism according to Islamic principles and using the literary genre of novel written based on the lives of people in the society. In this study, family as the main social component in the work of Zainab bint Al-Ajaweed was reviewed and, since woman as the main element of family formation and family is the essential basis of human society and the required factor for social dynamism and stability is stable and proper relationship between spouses and children. Using descriptive-analytical method, the way Radical feminist views are reflected and Islam’s opposition to it were analyzed. One of the most important findings of the study is that all characteristics of a powerful woman influenced by true Islamic teachings of the family are portrayed in Zainab’s character and the lives of other female characters who turn away from true Islamic criteria of family, an important and fundamental institution, have been ruined. Families influenced by feminism have lost two of their vital duties: satisfying their sexual needs within a special framework and family as a center of producing offspring and education and training. This is while in Islam man and woman are considered to complement each other and it has been shown that they have equal human status.