wireless sensor networks in progress of smart e-health and cloud computation era

Wireless sensor networks, as an opening up new opportunities in medical science, have a promising future. the emergence of smart e-health, driven by the internet of things (iot), has facilitated the development of intelligent healthcare [1]. further, a wireless sensor network comprises independent sensors distributed at specific intervals, working together to monitor physical or environmental parameters. each node within the network is equipped with a sensor, microcontroller, radio transmitter, and energy-saving element [2]. wearable sensors for patients are often organized into simplified wireless networks due to time limitations [3]. gateways and high security, as challenges, are needed. web-based technologies, such as the semantic web, service-oriented processing, and cloud computing have facilitated global communication within virtual medical organizations. consequently, an intelligent healthcare system first aims to remotely monitor patients in a safe and secure environment, involving leveraging the internet of things as a network of interconnected devices, in which data are transmitted through wireless connections to a central processor in the cloud and then shared accordingly.