تحلیل تطبیقی زیست پذیری در مناطق شهری؛ ( مطالعه موردی مناطق 10کلانشهر تبریز )

آﻫﻨﮓ ﺷﺘﺎﺑﺎن رﺷﺪ ﺷﻬﺮﻧﺸﯿﻨﯽ در ﮐﺸﻮرﻫﺎی درﺣﺎلﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ، ﻣﺸﮑﻼﺗﯽ را در ﺟﻨﺒﻪﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ وﺟﻮد آورده ﮐﻪ اﻧﺪﯾﺸﻤﻨﺪان اﯾﻦ ﺣﻮزه را ﻣﻠﺰم ﺑﻪ ﭼﺎرهﺟﻮﯾﯽ و ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﯾﺰی ﺑﺮای ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ آن ﻧﻤﻮده اﺳﺖ. از روﯾﮑﺮدﻫﺎی ﻧﻮﯾﻦ در راﺳﺘﺎی ﭘﺎﯾﺪاری ﺷﻬﺮی، ﻣﻔﻬﻮم زﯾﺴﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮی ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮ ارﺗﻘﺎی ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی، اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯽ، زﯾﺴﺖﻣﺤﯿﻄﯽ و ﮐﺎﻟﺒﺪی در ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺄﮐﯿﺪ دارد. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺳﻨﺠﺶ وﺿﻌﯿﺖ زﯾﺴﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮی در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ10 ﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه، از روش ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻔﯽ- ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻠﯽ و اﺑﺰار ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ )در دو ﺳﻄﺢ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان و ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن( ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮی ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. در اﯾﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ از آزﻣﻮن t ﺗﮏ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪای در ﻣﺤﯿﻂ ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار spss ، ﻣﺪل ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢﮔﯿﺮی ﭼﻨﺪﺷﺎﺧﺼﻪ وﯾﮑﻮر و روش ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ اﺛﺮات ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ/ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎری، ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻧﺮم اﻓﺰار ﻣﯿﮏ ﻣﮏ ﺑﺮای ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ دادهﻫﺎ ﺑﻬﺮهﮔﯿﺮی ﮔﺮدﯾﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺳﺎﮐﻨﺎن ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ 10 ﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ، و ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ آﻣﺎری ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮی ﻃﺒﻘﻪای و ﺑﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺳﻬﻢ ﺟﻤﻌﯿﺘﯽ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از روش ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﮔﯿﺮی ﺳﺎده ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮ ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن)3,04( و ﻫﻢ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮ ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان)3,20( ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ اﺑﻌﺎد ﭼﻬﺎرﮔﺎﻧﻪ زﯾﺴﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮی ﮐﻼﻧﺸﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ از ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ )ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﻈﺮی3( ﻗﺮار دارد. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮات ﺷﻬﺮوﻧﺪان ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 9 و ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﻈﺮات ﮐﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن، ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ1 در رﺗﺒﻪ اول ﻗﺮار دارد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞ وﯾﮑﻮر ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ رﺗﺒﻪ اول ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ 2، ازﻧﻈﺮ زﯾﺴﺖ ﭘﺬﯾﺮی ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ. در ﺧﺼﻮص ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﻧﺮماﻓﺰار ﻣﯿﮏ ﻣﮏ، اﯾﺠﺎد اﺷﺘﻐﺎل و درآﻣﺪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار ﻣﻬﻢﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎندﻫﻨﺪه اﯾﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﯾﺠﺎد اﺷﺘﻐﺎل و درآﻣﺪ ﭘﺎﯾﺪار، ﻧﻮﺳﺎزی ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻓﺮﺳﻮده، ﺑﻬﺴﺎزی ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺣﺎﺷﯿﻪﻧﺸﯿﻦ، ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﻣﺴﮑﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ، ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻫﺎی ﺳﺒﺰ و ﺑﺎز و ﺗﺄﻣﯿﻦ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت زﯾﺮﺳﺎﺧﺘﯽ ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﮐﻠﯿﺪی ﺗﺄﺛﯿﺮﮔﺬار ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻣﯽﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ 10 ﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﮐﻼﻧﺸﻬﺮ ﺗﺒﺮﯾﺰ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻋﺪم ﺗﻌﺎدل ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ از ﻧﻈﺮ زﯾﺴﺖﭘﺬﯾﺮی ﻫﺴﺘﯿﻢ و ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﻣﻮارد ﻣﺬﮐﻮر ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻬﻤﯽ در رﻓﻊ اﯾﻦ ﻋﺪم ﺗﻌﺎدل ﻓﻀﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺎزی ﻣﯽﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ.

comparative analysis of livability in urban areas; case study of ten metropolitan areas of tabriz

one of the new approaches in the direction of urban sustainability is the concept of livability, which emphasizes on improving the quality of various economic, social, environmental and physical indicators in the city. in this study, which was conducted with the aim of assessing the livability situation in 10 areas of tabriz, the descriptive-analytical method and questionnaire tools (at both levels of citizens and experts) were used. in this regard, one-sample t-test in spss software environment, vicker multi-attribute decision model and interaction / structural analysis method using mick mac software for data analysis have been used. the statistical population of this study was the residents of 10 districts of tabriz, and the statistical sample was selected based on stratified sampling method and the proportion of population share of the regions using simple random sampling method. the results show that according to both experts (3.04) and citizens (3.20), the average of the four dimensions of livability of tabriz metropolis is higher than the average (theoretical average of 3). according to the opinions of the citizens of district 9 and according to the opinions of experts, district 1 is in the first place. the results of vickor analysis also show the first rank of region 2 in terms of viability. regarding the influential factors resulting from mick mac software, creating employment and sustainable income is the most important known factor. the results show that the factors of job creation and sustainable income, renovation of worn-out texture, improvement of suburban texture, provision of suitable housing, development of green and open spaces and provision of infrastructure services are key factors, respectively. considering this, it can be said that among the 10 areas of tabriz metropolis, we are witnessing a spatial imbalance in terms of livability, and the optimal management of the mentioned cases plays an important role in eliminating this spatial imbalance.