تاثیر تغذیه تلفیقی خاک بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی توده بومی لوبیا (phaseolus vulgaris l.)

به منظور بهبود مدیریت حاصلخیزی خاک و تاثیر آن بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد لوبیای محلی (پاچ باقلا)، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1395 انجام شد. تیمارها شامل شاهد (بدون کود) کود شیمیایی npk 75 کیلوگرم در هکتار ،اوره 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار سوپر فسفات تریپل و 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار سولفات پتاسیم 10 تن در هکتار ورمی کمپوست 10 تن در هکتار کود دامی 5 تن در هکتار کود دامی + 50 npk 5 تن در هکتار ورمی کمپوست + ٪50 npk 5 تن در هکتار کود دامی + 5 تن در هکتار ورمی کمپوست و 5 تن در هکتار کود دامی+ 50٪ npk + 5 تن در هکتارورمی کمپوست مجموعاً 8 (تیمار بود نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد عملکرد دانه با سایر تیمارها به جز شاهد اختلاف معنی داری نداشت. بیشترین ارتفاع نخستین غلاف از زمین( 17/08 سانتی متر) از کود شیمیایی npk و کمترین آن با شاهد و 5 تن در هکتار کود دامی+ %50npk 8/83 سانتی متر به دست آمد بیش ترین غلاف در بوته (7/66 عدد) در تیمار کود شیمیایی npk بود که با تیمارهای 5 تن در هکتار کود دامی + 5 تن در هکتار ورمی کمپوست و شاهد اختلاف معنی داری داشت. کاربرد سطوح مختلف کودی به طور معنی داری در سطح احتمال یک درصد میزان عملکرد پروتئین دانه را تحت تاثیر قرار داد کم ترین مقدار عملکرد پروتئین دانه در شاهد 201/81 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و بیشترین در تیمار کود شیمیایی (798/58 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به دست آمد. بیشترین میانگین درآمد ناخالص در تیمارهای ورمی کمپوست و کود گاوی به ترتیب 2807062 و 2615868 هزار ریال در هکتار و بیش ترین میانگین سود حاصل از کشت نیز متعلق به تیمارهای ورمی کمپوست و کود گاوی به ترتیب 2494062 و 2347868 هزار ریال در هکتار به دست آمد با توجه به نتایج این آزمایش به منظور افزایش کمی کیفی و درآمد خالص گیاه لوبیای محلی تیمار کود ورمی کمپوست نسبت به بقیه تیمارها پیشنهاد می شود.

effect of integrated soil nutrition on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of native bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.)

application of organic and fertilizer is one of the optimal agronomic methods that eliminate the defects of chemical fertilizers. manures can provide at least 30% of the nitrogen needed to produce the crop. vermicompost is also great influence on the improvement of physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. given that many of the efforts that are being made today are in the fight against the consequences of chemical agriculture and regarding the necessity of optimum use of fertilizers, especially chemical fertilizers, this experiment was designed and tested to evaluate the effect of application of vermicompost, manure and chemical fertilizers on yield and yield components of local bean.materials methods:the experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design with eight treatments and three replications in afield located in chaboksar city, during the growing season of 2016-2017. treatments included control (without fertilizer), chemical fertilizer npk (nitrogen from urea 75 kg ha-1, phosphorus from the source of triple superphosphate 100 kg ha-1 and potassium from the source of potassium sulfate), 10 ton ha-1 vermicompost, 10 ton ha-1 manure, 50% npk+50% manure, 50% npk+50% vermicompost, 50% manure+50% vermicompost and 50% npk +50% manure +50% vermicompost. result discussion:results showed that grain yield was not significantly different from other treatments except control. researchers reported that maximum yield of beans was obtained by applying chemical fertilizers of npk (shahgholi et al., 2016). in this regard, research results showed that the highest biological yield in two bean cultivars (red and pinto) belonged to the treatment of 30 kg ha-1 of nitrogen fertilizer with 25 tons ha-1 of manure (masoudi hosseini, 2015). the highest seed weight was obtained from 50% manure + 50% vermicompost treatment (37.63 gr) and seed per pod was obtained from 50% npk +50% manure +50% vermicompost. pods per plant were not significantly different from other treatments except control the most of pods per plant (7.66) was observed in npk fertilizer treatment. highest percentage of protein was obtained from npk, but was not significantly different from other treatments except control. the results of a study showed that the highest percentage of green bean seed protein was obtained from the application of 350 kg ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer with potassium fertilizer (21.93%)‌ (nasri khalatbari,‌2011). maximum average gross income in vermicompost and cow manure treatments were 748550 and 697565 thousand rials respectively per hectare and highest average profit from cultivation belongs to vermicompost and cow manure treatments respectively 664050 and 625565 thousand rials in hectares were obtained.conclusion:result of this study showed that there was no significant statistical difference between npk fertilizer treatment and other treatments other than control treatment in grain yield. also, in most of studied traits, the result showed that of was not significantly different from other treatments except control. application of vermicompost and manure seems to be able to supply nutrients to the plant at an acceptable level and will have the right conditions for growth and increased yield. according to the results of this experiment, in order to increase the quantity, quality and net benefit of the local bean plant, vermicompost treatment can be recommended compared to other treatments in the lands of guilan province.