evaluation of non-carcinogenic risk of pb, cd, and as in air suspended particles of baharestan city, isfahan

Background: entrance of heavy metals into the respiratory system has adverse effects on human health. accordingly, measuring metals concentration in places and times is necessary. objectives: this study was done to evaluate the non-carcinogenic risk of pb, cd, and as in air suspended particles of baharestan city, in isfahan, during 2016 - 2017. methods: in order to evaluate the non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals in air suspended particles (pm10), sampling was performed using a skc pump with a low volume (1.5 l/min) and 37mmmembrane filter. sampling was carried out on average every three days during 24-hours in may - june, july - august, october - november, and january - february; finally, the concentration of pb, cd, and as was determined using atomic absorption spectrometry (aas) and hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (hgaas), respectively. the acute and chronic non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals sorption in the air was evaluated using the epa method. results: the highest and lowest pb concentration belonged to may - june and october - november, with the mean concentration of 0.25 and 0.14 mg/kg, respectively. for cd it was 0.017 and 0.009 mg/kg, respectively. similar results were found for the air suspended particles. the highest and lowest cd non-carcinogenic risk was observed for permanent residents of baharestan city and the nondormitory students of this city with the mean of 3.1x10^-5 and 1.4x10^-5, respectively. conclusions: the results of this study showed that the non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals was lower than the standard level during the study years. however, heavy metal accumulation can threaten human health, which needs more consideration.