تاثیر تنش ریزگرد بر برخی خصوصیات عملکردی و فیزیولوژیکی دو گونه سالسولا (salsola imbricata) و سالیکورنیا (salicornia ibricata) در تاریخ‏ های مختلف کاشت

تقویت چرخ ه‏های طبیعی زیست‌بوم و احیاء جنگل‏ها و مراتع دست کاشت بهترین راه‌حل اساسی کنترل فرسایش بادی است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی تاثیر تنش ریزگرد بر خصوصیات رشدی دو گونه سالسولا (salsola imbricata) و سالیکورنیا (salicornia iranica) در تاریخ‏های مختلف کاشت بود. فاکتورهای مورد آزمایش شامل، سه تاریخ کاشت یک فروردین، 15 فروردین،31 فروردین به‌عنوان کرت‏های اصلی، تنش ریزگرد در سه سطح (شاهد (بدون اعمال ریزگرد)، پخش ریزگرد روی گیاه به مدت 5 روز و 10 روز) به‌عنوان کرت‏های فرعی و گونه گیاهی به‌عنوان کرت فرعی فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. در گیاه سالیکورنیا بیشترین مقدار کلروفیل a و b (به ترتیب 57 و 44 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن تر)، عملکرد تر و خشک علوفه (به ترتیب 228 و 46 گرم)، درصد پروتئین (15 درصد) مربوط به تاریخ کاشت دوم در تیمار شاهد، بیشترین درصد رطوبت نسبی برگ (80 درصد) و پایداری غشا (62 درصد) در تاریخ کاشت اول در تیمار شاهد، بیشترین میزان کربوهیدرات محلول (17.46 میلی‏گرم بر گرم وزن خشک) مربوط به تاریخ کاشت دوم در تیمار ده روز اعمال تنش ریزگرد مشاهده شد. در گیاه سالسولا نیز بیشترین مقدار کربوهیدرات (17 میلی‏گرم بر گرم وزن خشک) مربوط به تاریخ کاشت سوم در تیمار 5 روز اعمال ریزگرد، بیشترین درصد پروتئین (18 درصد) در تاریخ کاشت سوم در تیمار شاهد و بیشترین کلروفیل a و b (به ترتیب 58 و 42 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تر برگ)، درصد رطوبت نسبی برگ (62 درصد) و پایداری غشای سلولی (75 درصد) مربوط به تاریخ کاشت اول در تیمار شاهد و بیشترین عملکرد علوفه تر و خشک (به ترتیب 1073 و 216 گرم) مربوط به تاریخ کاشت دوم در تیمار شاهد بود؛ بنابراین، باتوجه‌به نتایج به دست آمد گیاه سالسولا و سالیکورنیا می‏توانند انتخاب مناسبی برای کشت در کانون ریزگرد و کنترل ریزگردها باشند

the effect of fine dust stress on some functional and physiological characteristics of salsola imbricata and salicornia ibricata at different planting dates

introductionsoil erosion causes storms and the release of fine dust. this has a significant impact on climate change and creates global problems. the first effect of dust on agriculture is in the field of reduced production, reduced diversity and reduced vegetation density because fine dust is a factor that causes negative effects on plant physiology. geomorphological features, soil type and vegetation are the most influential factors in desertification and dust production. strengthening natural ecological cycles and rehabilitating forests and plantation pastures is the best basic solution to control wind erosion. the main widely used plant species in arid and saline areas are halophyte rangeland species. among these, two plant species of salsola imbricata and salicornia iranica grow well in the desert pastures of iran. these two species of halophyte due to their unique characteristics, such as drought resistance, salinity, deep root system, high efficiency in water use, etc. as an important forage plant in soils it is considered dry and is important for planting in saline lands where other crops are not producing well or in areas where irrigation with saline water is possible. but on the other hand, determining the most appropriate planting date means determining the time when vegetative and reproductive growth of the plant is most in harmony with climatic factors and the plant is less exposed to adverse environmental conditions. , plant development and production during the growing season and is one of the most important management factors in the production of all crops in order to reduce the negative effects of environmental stresses. therefore, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of planting date on biostability of these two plant species against stress. it was fine.materials and methodsthis experiment was performed as a split in a randomized complete block design with three replications in the crop year 2020 in pakdasht city. factors tested include: three planting dates:, 20 march, 3 april and 19 april as the main plots, dust factor at three levels: (control (without dust), dust spread on the plant for 5 days and 10 days) to the sub-plots and species factor (salicornia iranica, salsola imbricata) were considered as sub-plots. in order to spray dust on the space plants, a cubic of transparent plastic was made to the dimensions of each plot and was placed on each plot during the application of stress. the time of application of fine dust stress was on the second of july, 1399. the traits of the studied plant species were measured at the flowering stage. for calculation, chlorophyll content (arnon.1949), membrane lipid peroxidation assay (yidirim and et al. 2009), measurement of relative leaf water content (ritchie et al. 1990), protein content assay (bremner. 1996), carbohydrate assay soluble (hasid and neufield. 1964) 2 plants were selected from each plot and traits were measured. to measure forage yield, 5 plants from each subplot were calculated and weighed.results and discussionamong the agronomic factors, planting time is one of the most important factors determining plant yield. planting date for each species in a specific area should be considered according to the ambient temperature and soil at the time of planting and also based on the non-interference of flowering plant to high temperature. both species are more suitable, so to achieve the desired forage yield, it is necessary to plant both plants when the average temperature is 25-25 ° c and to avoid planting delays.