ابعاد، چالش‌ها و راهکارهای توسعه مناطق مرزی

هدف از این مقاله بررسی ظرفیت‌ها و چالش‌های توسعه منطقه مرزی سیستان و راهکارهای توسعه این مناطق در زمینه‌های مختلف است. این پژوهش با روش تحلیل مضمون انجام شده است و داده‌ها به روش مشاهده میدانی و مصاحبه عمیق با 14 نفر از خبرگان اجرایی و دانشگاهی جمع‌آوری شده است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد استان سیستان و بلوچستان، ظرفیت‌هایی از قبیل: انرژی‌های تجدیدپذیر بادی و خورشیدی، همسایگی با کشورهای پاکستان و افغانستان و... را داراست. از سوی دیگر دارای چالش‌هایی از قبیل خشکسالی‌های پیاپی و عدم تامین حق‌آبه کشور از طرف افغانستان، حاشیه‌نشینی و... می‌باشد. پس از توصیف و تحلیل موارد فوق با روش تحلیل مضمون، برای عبور از چالش‌ها و استفاده از ظرفیت‌های منطقه راه‌حل‌هایی در حوزه‌های مختلف نظیر ورود نهادهای حکومتی به بخش صنعتی جهت حمایت صنایع نوزاد منطقه، افزایش تعاملات اقتصادی با کشور همسایه در راستای تامین منابع آبی، سرمایه‌گذاری در بخش آموزش مهارت‌محور و... ارائه گردیده است.

dimensions, challenges and strategies for the development of border areas

1- introduction undoubtly, the development of the border areas, especially the border areas of sistan, will stabilize the border population, increase the security factor, deterrence, peace and tranquility in the region. also, since the border areas are extremely important in foreign trade and foreign exchange, the development of these areas will lead to the economic prosperity of the region and the country. although various dimensions of issues and problems related to border areas have been studied sporadically since the past, but the development of these areas with this title, not only its place in the country’s development planning system has not been explained, but also its dimensions and characteristics are less. therefore, the necessity of conducting scientific studies in this regard is felt more than before and they are identified and studied. in order to achieve comprehensive development, there is a need for national and regional planning, formulation of strategy and identification of development obstacles. in the strategic approach, it is necessary to provide a future perspective and a clear understanding of the future. therefore, the main issue of this article is how to develop the border areas of sistan, in other words, how to get the border area of sistan out of deprivation and poverty. in this article, by examination the capacities and challenges of this province, operational requirements and solutions for the comprehensive development of the border areas will be presented. 2- theoretical framework regional development is also a change in the spatial distribution of economic and social phenomena such as population, income, government revenues, production of various goods and services, transportation facilities and other social infrastructures and even political power (management planning, 2006:11). regional development often includes two conflicting goals of people’s well-being and places’ well-being. it is always known in advance that creating employment in the places where people live, due to avoiding psychological and economic costs of migration and natural resources, capital equipment and social infrastructure, is a priority to ensure employment in other places.according to the studies conducted in this field, it can be said that in connection with the development of border regions, various theories such as the theory of the crystalline central place, the growth pole theory, the theory of the center of growth, the theory of the center around, and the theory of the return of the center are used, each of them with they are designed according to certain conditions and principles and are used at certain levels.as a result, the theoretical framework of the development of border regions is in the whole framework of regional development. since the border regions are different from the central regions, this theoretical framework is based on the interpretation of the phenomenon of regional imbalance between the border regions and the central regions. basically, all theories related to regional development revolve around regional imbalance as the center of their discussions.3- methodology thematic analysis is a method to recognize, analyze and report patterns in qualitative data. this method is a process for analyzing textual data and transforms scattered and diverse data into rich and detailed data. thematic analysis is not only a specific qualitative method, but also is a process that can be used in most qualitative methods.