طراحی الگوی پایدارسازی کسب‌وکارهای کوچک و کارآفرین در سکونتگاه‌های غیررسمی

هدف پژوهش حاضر شناسایی عوامل تاثیرگذار بر پایدارسازی کسب وکارهای کوچک و کارآفرین در سکونتگاه های غیررسمی و ارائه الگوی پایداری برای آن‌هاست. ابزار اصلی گردآوری اطلاعات مصاحبه و پرسشنامه است. جهت تحلیل یافته های تحقیق از رویکرد معادلات تفسیری (ism) استفاده ‌شده است. بر اساس یافته های حاصل از تحلیل اطلاعات و شناسایی عوامل موثر در پایدارسازی کسب وکارهای کوچک و کارآفرین (عوامل مالی- اقتصادی، اجتماعی- روان‌شناختی، زیست محیطی، حقوقی-سیاسی، ارتباطی-اطلاعاتی، فنی-تکنولوژیکی، بازاریابی، زیرساختی– نهادی، شخصیتی– فردی و کالبدی-فضایی)، متغیرها در 5 سطح مختلف طبقه بندی شدند و با توجه به روابط، گراف ism ترسیم شد. پس از تحلیل micmac متغیرها در سه گروه متغیرهای نفوذی، خودمختار و وابسته قرار گرفتند. با توجه به نتایج، عوامل مالی-اقتصادی، زیرساختی– نهادی و کالبدی-فضایی از زیربنایی ترین عوامل در پایداری کسب وکارهای کوچک و کارآفرین در سکونتگاه های غیررسمی (محله خلیل آباد تبریز) هستند.

designing a model for the sustainability of entrepreneur and small businesses in informal settlements

1- introduction todays, encouraging the growth of small businesses has been a matter of concern and interest in most developed economies. it is often argued that entrepreneur and small businesses play a major role as an engine of economic growth and they contribute to social wealth through the creation of new businesses and jobs. for these reasons, governments have recently paid more attention to the role of entrepreneur and small businesses. in particular, innovative entrepreneur and small businesses with growth potential are seen as pioneers to develop new business fields in stagnated economies. the issue of business sustainability is important not only in big cities but also in medium and small cities and even informal settlements. in iran, the phenomenon of informal settlements is one of the most important problems in big and small cities. meanwhile, east azerbaijan province, especially the metropolis of tabriz, is not exempt from the phenomenon of informal settlements. khalilabad of tabriz city is one of the informal settlements, which according to the obtained estimates, has a population of 21 thousand and 373 people and is approximately 1.5% of the population of tabriz city. surveys have shown that in informal settlements, despite the high capacities in the field of entrepreneurship, the use of these potentials for the development of employment and the labor market has been neglected, and the continuation and stabilization of these types of jobs and businesses is always a problem for entrepreneurs. 2- theoretical framework sustainability comes from sustainable development, which simply means development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. scholars have defined sustainability differently, with complicated meanings and interpretations. some researchers, defines sustainability as the balancing of the environment, social and economic aspects. meanwhile, the stabilization of small businesses and entrepreneurs plays an important role in the economic growth and development of countries. entrepreneur and small businesses are becoming increasingly important for the creation and development of a modern, dynamic and knowledgebased economy. this is because of their capacity to promote entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial skills, and because of their ability to be flexible and adapt quickly to a changing market, and to generate new jobs. entrepreneur and small businesses is the backbone of the economy. organization for economic cooperation and development reports these enterprises make a major contribution in the field of innovation and support regional development and social cohesion. also, entrepreneur and small businesses in most low-income countries give significant contribution to gdp growth and the creation of new jobs. for this reason, the identification of external and internal factors affecting the development of entrepreneur and small businesses in informal in informal settlements is very important. researchers divide the causes of instability into two categories: external and internal factors. the external factors of business instability are: 1- features of the economic system, 2- competition, 3- rapid changes in technology, 4- commercial fluctuations. the internal factors of business instability are: 1- inefficiency of management, 2- insufficient sales, 3- pricing mistakes, 3- legal-financial issues, 4- social-value barriers