اثر سرمایه گذاری در بخش مسکن بر رشد اقتصادی استان های ایران

سرمایه گذاری در مسکن یکی از معمول‌ترین روش‌های سرمایه گذاری در ایران است. بخش مسکن و ساختمان دارای ارتباط گسترده با سایر بخش های اقتصادی است و مسکن سالانه حجم وسیعی از نقدینگی کشور را به خود جذب می کند، به همین دلیل سرمایه گذاری در این بخش از اهمیت بیشتری برخوردار بوده و می تواند در روند رشد و توسعه کشور سهم به سزایی داشته باشد. در این پژوهش با استفاده از روش گشتاورهای تعمیم یافته اثر سرمایه گذاری در بخش مسکن بر رشد اقتصادی استان های ایران طی دوره زمانی 1398-1385 مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. نتایج نشان داد که سرمایه گذاری در مسکن تاثیر مثبت و معنی داری بر رشد اقتصادی استان های ایران دارد. همچنین سایر نتایج مطالعه حاکی از آن است که وقفه متغیر رشد اقتصادی تاثیر مثبت و معنی دار بر رشد اقتصادی استان های ایران دارد. متغیرهای سرمایه انسانی، سرمایه فیزیکی و شاخص صنعتی شدن تاثیر مثبت و معنی دار و متغیرهای اندازه دولت و شهرنشینی اثر منفی و معنی دار بر رشد اقتصادی استان های ایران دارند.

the effect of housing investment on the economic growth in iranian provinces

1- introduction economic growth is one of the goals that every economy pursues, and the reason for this is the achievement of many benefits and advantages that are realized in the process of growth. policy makers in every country seek to achieve a higher growth rate in their country. among the types of assets, housing is considered one of the most important socio-economic components in a country. it is also argued that in the new theories, the development of the housing sector is one of the drivers of economic growth, so in this article, the impact of investment in housing on the economic growth of iran's provinces during the years 2006-2019 has been examined. 2- theoretical framework according to the point of view of macroeconomics, considering that between 21 and 24% of the country's gdp is related to the housing sector (during the construction and operation period), the housing sector is considered as the driving engine of economic growth and the factor that strengthens it in the country. from the point of view of consumption and investment, housing also plays a significant role in national accounts. in general, there are three different views on the relationship between investment in real estate and economic growth. the first point of view emphasizes that investment in real estate affects economic growth. the second point of view shows that economic growth affects investment in real estate. according to the third perspective, there is a mutual causal relationship between investment in real estate and economic growth. 3- methodology to estimate the research model, the econometric method of generalized moments of gmm has been used. the important feature of this estimation method is that there is no need to know the exact distribution of disturbance sentences. the main assumption of this method is based on the fact that disturbance terms are not correlated with instrumental variables. the method of generalized moments, by choosing the correct instrumental variable, by applying a weight matrix, can create a compatibility estimator for the conditions of heterogeneity and unknown autocorrelations. 4- results & discussion the results show that the economic growth coefficient of the previous period was evaluated as 0.73. based on the probability level corresponding to the t-statistic of this coefficient, it can be stated that the economic growth of the previous period had a positive and significant effect on the economic growth in the provinces of iran. this result is consistent with economic theories and most previous studies such as kazerooni et al (2018) and mozaffari (2021). the variable coefficient of human capital has been evaluated as 0.16 and according to the probability level corresponding to its t-statistic, it can be stated that human capital has had a positive and significant effect on the economic growth of iran's provinces. this result is in line with endogenous growth theories and previous empirical studies such as kazerooni et al (2018) and mozaffari (2021). the size of the government also has a negative and significant effect on economic growth. so that the elasticity of the economic growth of iran's provinces in relation to the government's current expenses is equal to -0.32. the urbanization variable has a negative and significant effect on the economic growth of iran's provinces. the negative sign of the variable coefficient of urbanization can be caused by the fact that the rate of urbanization has increased regardless of the process of providing the necessary infrastructure in the cities and increasing the expertise of the migrant workforce.