نقش اخلاق درتعیین دارایی و حقوق مالی زوجین پس از طلاق در حقوق ایران و فرانسه

امروزه قلمرو امور مالی زوجین را می توان در ابعاد مختلف فقهی و اخلاقی و حقوقی مورد مطالعه قرار داد. از آنجا که اخلاق و حقوق دو موضوع مدخل در قانونگذاری های هر کشوری می باشند، می توان عنوان نمود که این دو حوزه، منشا مهم سیاست تقنینی هر کشور در قانونگذاری است. از این رو حقوق مالی و دارایی زوجین در راستای اخلاق شکل گرفته است. حقوق مالی زوجین در ابعاد گسترده ی خود، در بر گیرنده ی حقوقی چون مهریه، تنصیف دارایی، نفقه، اجرت المثل و... است هر یک از مصداق ها در قوانینی همچون قانون مدنی و قانون حمایت خانواده با وضع مقرره ای خاص، از جایگاه ویژه ای برخوردار است. در حقوق فرانسه نیز این نوع حقوق در ذیل مقررات و رویه ی قضایی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. در حقوق ایران، مطابق ماده 1102 قانون مدنی ودر حقوق فرانسه ، حقوقی همچون مطالبه نفقه در شرایط مختلف از سوی زوجه قابل مطالبه است و این موضوع در مواد 212، 270 و 301 قانون مدنی فرانسه مورد اشاره قرار گرفته است .بنابراین هدف از نگارش مقاله حاضر،نقش اخلاق درتعیین حقوق مالی و دارایی زوجین پس از طلاق در حقوق ایرن و فرانسه است که با توجه به روش کتابخانه ای به بررسی موضوع پرداخته شده است و در نتیجه می توان عنوان نمود که حقوق مالی و دارایی زوجین در برخی مصادیق در حقوق ایران و فرانسه مورد توجه بوده و اخلاق را به عنوان مبنای سیاست تقنینی این دعاوی در رویه قضایی مورد توجه قرار داده اند.

explaining the moral and legal realm of financial rights and property of couples after divorce in iranian and french law

today, the moral and legal realm of financial rights of couples can be studied in various jurisprudential and legal dimensions. since ethics and law are two issues included in the legislation of each country, it can be said that these two areas are an important source of legislative policy of each country in the legislation. hence, the financial rights and assets of the couple are formed in the direction of morality. the financial rights of couples, in their broad dimensions, include rights such as dowry, halving property, alimony, retribution, etc., each of which is applied in laws such as civil law and family protection law with a special regulation, he's got a special place. in french law, this type of law is also examined under the rules and jurisprudence. in iranian law, according to article 1102 of the civil code, by concluding a marriage contract, the rights and obligations of the couple, including the financial rights of the husband, are established against the wife, and as a result, after the dissolution of the marriage and separation, the husband is to pay alimony, to be aborted, because one of the principles and means of obligation is marriage. this issue is different in iranian law regarding the demand for dowry and halving of property and retribution, etc., and these rights can also be demanded by terminating or dissolving the marriage contract. in french law, rights such as claiming alimony can be claimed by the wife in different circumstances, and this issue is mentioned in articles 212, 270 and 301 of the french civil code, and in some respects, the division of property in this country has rules and regulations. it is special. therefore, the purpose of writing this article is to examine the legal and moral status of financial rights and assets of couples after divorce in the law of iran and france, which has been studied according to the library method, and as a result it can be said that financial rights and in some cases, the property of the couple has been considered in iranian and french law and has a suitable position, and ethics has been considered as the basis of the legislative policy of these lawsuits in the judicial procedure.