high efficient perovskite solar cells base on niobium doped tio2 as a buffer layer

Here, the effect of lightly niobium doped tio2 layer on the performance of perovskite solar cells has been studied by using solar cell capacitance simulator (scaps). n addition, the effects of niobium concentration, buffer film thickness and operating temperature on the performance of the perovskite solar cell are investigated. for doping level of 3.0 mol% into the tio2 layer, cell efficiency of 18.26% with voc of 0.96 v, jsc of 22.45 ma/ cm^2 and ff of 84.25% has been achieved. calculations show that thickness widening of nb-doped tio2 layer would decrease the efficiency and voc of the cells. increase in operating temperature from 300 k to 400 k would weaken the performance of the perovskite solar cell with both pure and nb-doped tio2 layers. however, the cell with nb-doped tio2 layer shows higher stability than the cell with pure tio2 buffer at higher temperatures.