urdu translation and psychometric properties of spinal cord injury spasticity evaluation tool

Objectives: to translate the spinal cord injury spasticity evaluation tool (sci-set) into urdu and evaluate its psychometric properties.methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted over ten months at general hospital, lahore city, pakistan, and riphah rehabilitation centre in lahore city. a sample of 175 participants with spinal cord injury (sci) was selected through non-probability convenience sampling. participants were aged 18–45 years, literate in urdu, lived with sci for at least six months, and scored ≥24 on the mini-mental state examination (mmse). patients with cognitive or neurological disorders were excluded. the sci-set was translated into urdu (sci-setu) following cosmin guidelines. data were collected using the sci-setu and the functional independence measure (fim). the analysis was performed using spss software, version 21. internal consistency (cronbach’s α), test re-test reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [icc], with 95% confidence interval [ci]), and construct validity (pearson’s correlation with fim) were assessed.results: the sci-setu demonstrated excellent internal consistency with a cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.803 (95% ci, 0.759%, 0.842%). no floor or ceiling effects were observed. construct validity was supported by a strong positive pearson correlation with the fim (r=0.788, p<0.01). the tool also showed good test re-test reliability, with an icc of 0.801 (95% ci, 0.739%, 0.85%) and a standard error of measurement (sem) of 0.17.discussion: the urdu version of sci-setu demonstrated strong validity, test re-test reliability, and internal consistency, confirming it as a valuable tool for assessment in clinical and research settings.