efficacy of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization breathing exercises on chest mobility, trunk muscles, and thoracic kyphosis: a randomized controlled 6-week trial

Objectives: dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (dns) approach evaluates and activates the spinal stabilizers to optimize the performance of posture and respiratory system. this study investigated the effects of dns breathing exercises on upper and lower chest wall mobility (ucm and lcm), trunk extensor endurance, and thoracic kyphosis in a group of sedentary students with poor posture.methods: in this randomized, controlled 6week trial, 52 participants were randomly divided into two groups: a dns breathing exercise group (n=26) and a control group (n=26). first, a pretest of the ucm, lcm, trunk muscle endurance and thoracic kyphosis was done on each participant in random order. dns breathing exercise protocol (six times a week for six weeks) was implemented and after its completion, all posttest parameters were taken. descriptive statistical and the pairedsample t test were used to analyze the obtained data.results: significant improvements were observed in the posttest compared with pretest in dns breathing exercise group in ucm (6.2 ±1.6 vs 4.4 ±0.9 cm, p<0.001), lcm (7.7 ±1.7 vs 5.5 ±1.0 cm, p<0.001), trunk muscle endurance (110.1 ±33.5 vs 88.7 ±34.1 s, p<0.001), and thoracic kyphosis (146.9 ±5.5 vs 142.7 ±4.0 degree, p<0.001). in contrast, the change in these parameters in the control group was not statistically significant.discussion: dns breathing exercise with a focus on the integrated spinal stabilizing system and breathing techniques is an effective protocol to significantly improve ucm and lcm, trunk muscle endurance, and thoracic kyphosis. it is suggested that dns breathing exercises be introduced to improve chest mobility and posture and provide physiological stabilization for the overall health and performance of student