Numerical modeling of dam failure phenomenon using software and finite difference method

Dams are of manmade engineering structures that are directly related to water and its destructive forces. despite all remarkable advantages of these structures,they exposed to threat of destruction and failure. this causes increasing risk potential at dam downstream. this paper studied possible failure phenomenon of bidvaz dam,esfarayen,through mike 11 software and using definite difference method by the help of aerial photographs,topographical maps and autocad and global mapper software. moreover,regarding the crack (breach) created in the aforementioned dam,the break and failure place is the balance of the created breach. the research results and peak discharge of dam failure following 3 hours and 34 minutes and 26 seconds of dam failure seen around esfarayen city. furthermore,level of peak discharge of dam failure in city surrounding was 4861.9 m3/s indicating the 2.47% reduction in failure peak discharge from dam to city area. this percentage seems reasonable according to the high steep river as well as river low width resulted by flood plains.