Comparison of oils seed and fatty acid content of various Moroccan populations of jujube,grenadier and prickly pear [Comparaison des huiles des graines et de la teneur en acides gras de différentes populations marocaines de jujubier,de grenadier et de figuier de barbarie]

The oils are considered a primary source of raw materials sought in cosmetics. to enhance the production of new products and by local produce bases moroccan oils,also saw the emergence of the cosmetics industry after semi-industrial units,we studied in this present work,the characterization the oils from the seeds of various local genotypes jujube (zizyphus lotus l.),pomegranate (punica granatum l.) and prickly pear (opuntia ficus-indica l.),also the composition these oils into fatty acids. the collection of fruits was made in september and october 2012. the oil extraction was performed by soxhlet and the fatty acid content is determined by gas chromatography. the oil extracted from the seeds of jujube and pomegranate were 29.25 ± 0.67 % and 23.38 ± 1.017 %,respectively,higher values than the oil extracted from the seeds of prickly pear (8.74 ± 0.42 %). these oils are proving more rich in unsaturated fatty acids,with a profile type oleic - linoleic (62.49 - 16.00 %) for the oil jujube,punicic - linoleic (75.39 - 6.31 %) for the pomegranate and linoleic - oleic (62.55 - 19.48 %) for the prickly pear. the percentages of polyunsaturated fatty acids are high in unsaturated oil extracted from the seeds of the different varieties of pomegranate (78.70 %) and the barbarities of fig (62.78 %). however,the oil of different cultivars of jujube,mono unsaturated fatty acids (65.57 %) are the most abundant. because of their unique composition of fatty acids,these oils have a definite potential in cosmetics.