Seasonal variation of physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics of groundwater using a GIS: Triffa plain (northeast Morocco)

The aim of this work is to study the seasonal variation of the physicochemical and bacteriological characteristics of groundwater in the triffa plain,morocco. in total,41 groundwater samples were analyzed for major elements. the results show that the electrical conductivity ranges between 740 and 7340 μs/cm,no3- ranges between 1.7 and 269.78 mg/l,and cl- ranges between 29.4 and 2001.55 mg/l. hydrochemical facies represented using a piper diagram indicate na-k-cl and ca-mg-cl-so4 water types. the bacteriological analysis showed that the majority of groundwater samples are contaminated. the mapping of global quality using the geographic information system (gis) for five periods shows four classes: good,moderate,poor,and very poor quality,with the two last classes predominating. we conclude that the quality of groundwater is suitable for irrigation and domestic use.