Evaluation of hygiènique quality of waters in wells and springs by using a principal component analysis (PCA): A case study of the region of Fez (MOROCCO) [Evaluation de la qualité hygiénique des eaux de puits et de sources par l'utilisation d'une analyse en composantes principales (ACP): Une étude de cas de la région de Fès (MAROC)]

As a part of monitoring and control of diseases to hydric transport conducted by health services,a study spread out on one year from january to december 2012 and with the objective to assess the hygienic quality of well and springs water used for drinking water and also for domestic activities,the for population of some areas of the city of fez,was performed. the main physico-chemical and bacteriological quality of the water components have therefore been measured and a principal component analysis (pca) was carried. total of 180 water withdrawals were carried out at 20 wells and 10 springs could cause a health risk for their users. these wells and springs were identified by technical data sheets indicating their contact details and the nature of the nearby pollution. the principal component analysis (pca) realized from the mean values of each parameter could show groups of stations very disproportionate and well differentiated: some groups combining wells and water sources with average quality or lightly polluted and others contain wells and springs whose water is very polluted. thus we have demonstrated the presence of two types of pollution: an important and almost permanent microbial pollution in most waters points studied from runoff and domestic and industrial waste water. chemical contamination from low to important for all wells and sources of agricultural origin and / or industrial and domestic waste. to avoid possible health risks,the adoption of hygiene measures for the transport and storage of water,particularly the treatment with the periodic chlorination of wells at the family level has been advised for the population concerned; and permanent control of water points particularly those in proximity to potential sources of pollution was recommended for local authorities and health authorities responsible for monitoring and control of water wells.