Pollution characteristic and health risk assessment of toxic chemicals of surface water in Surha Lake,India

The surha lake is located in the jai prakash narayan bird sanctuary in u.p state,india. it supports the livelihood of a large number of species and economically important for local people. the present study is focused to assess the pollution characteristic of water quality and ecological risk of toxic chemicals using metal index (mi),nemerow pollution index (npi) and risk assessment index (rai). the results indicate that the water quality of the lake is not suitable for drinking as mi>1 and npi>3 with respect to drinking water and also has unacceptable risk of cancer to human health as rai>1. however,the water is suitable for agricultural purpose as mi<1 and npi<3,with respect to water quality for inland environmental discharge. therefore,it has been suggested that water must be properly treated before use for drinking and proper conservation measure should be adopted to reduce the concentration of toxic chemicals in water of the lake.