TECHNICAL AND ECONOMICAL ASPECTS OF PASSIVE OPTICAL NETWORKS (PONS)

The last mile still remains the bottle-neck between high-capacity local area networks (lans) and the backbone network. the digital subscriber line (dsl) and cable modem (cm) networks are unable to provide enough bandwidth for emerging services. in this paper we present a study of passive optical networks (pons) , which represent the convergence of low-cost ethernet equipment and low-cost fiber infrastructure, appear to be the best candidate for the next-generation access network. also we provide a case study of the application of pon in the fiber-to-the-iiome (ftth) network. from this study, we have shown how pon network inexpensive, simple, scalable, and capable of delivering bundled voice, data, and video services to an end-user subscriber and increased traffic and subscriber levels and reduce their capital expenditure and operation expense.