structural, morphological and anti-bacterial analysis of nanohydroxyapatite derived from biogenic (shell) and chemical source: formation of apatite

The nano hydroxyapatite (hap), hap/peg and hap/pvp powders derived from both gastropod shell (natural source) and chemical precursor by the precipitation method were characterized through various characterization techniques such as ft-ir, xrd, sem-edx, tem, antibacterial activity and sbf analysis. based on the structural, chemical, morphological and biological characteristics, hap/pvp from natural and chemical precursors have been compared. calculated structural parameters, crystallinity index, c/p ratio, morphology, antibacterial activity and sbf analysis of the products show that hap/pvp-s (derived from a natural source) exhibits good mechanical property, rod like morphology, good antibacterial activity and apatite formation ability after 14 days. edx analysis also shows the presence of carbon and sodium in hap/pvp-s. comparative analysis reveals that characteristics of hap/pvp-s such as high carbonate content, low crystallite size, poor crystalline nature, presence of trace metal, non-stoichiometric elemental composition and rod like crystals which are matched with the characteristics of biological apatite. thus, the hap/pvp-s has the ability to form bone apatite.