integrated treatment of refinery wastewater using oxidized cotton waste (h2o2/naoh/cw) as adsorbent and photodegradation

A new environmentally acceptable method for manufacturing high carboxyl content (cc) oxidized cotton waste (ocw) utilizing h2o2/naoh has been developed to enhance the surface and pore size of the prepared material by removing hemicellulose, lignin, and impurities, and then treated chemically to produce free radicals from oxidized waste cotton by hydrogen peroxide. the structure and morphology of the resulting ocw were meticulously considered using various techniques, including titration, edx, xrd, ftir, tga, and fe-sem. it was observed that the degree of polymerization, yield, and crystallinity of ocw were influenced by the naoh concentration and exhibited variations in different directions. ftir analysis indicated successful selective oxidation of the hydroxide groups of cw. xrd and fe-sem results revealed thorough oxidation penetration throughout the waste cotton, disrupting its consistency and length while preserving its crystal structure. this paper presents a straightforward green approach for fabricating ocw with high crystallinity and specific surface area. the resulting ocw holds promise for applications such as adsorption and photodegradation of organic pollutants in refinery wastewater (rww), contributing to environmental sustainability.