investigating the effect of sodium chloride on methane hydrate equilibrium conditions: case study of caspian sea water composition

In this research, we conducted an experimental study on methane hydrate formation under various conditions, including salt and porous media. the effects of chamber stirring, mass transfer, and heat transfer on methane hydrates’ formation and dissociation processes were examined. hydrate formation in water containing 1.5 wt% nacl was investigated, along with a case study involving water from the southern region of the caspian sea. two types of sand pack porous media, composed of glass beads with diameters of 3 mm and 5 mm, were used. we analyzed temperature and pressure variations, the amount of hydrate formed in each experiment, and the hydrate formation kinetics. detailed observations and discussions on nucleation, induction time, and hydrate growth for each experimental condition are provided. the results highlight the influence of the tested parameters on methane gas absorption and the conversion rate of water to hydrate under different conditions.