Climatic guidelines for designing open spaces in residential complexes of Yazd (With emphasis on desired orientation and proportions and its radiation effects analysis)

Human’s ignorance to nature and consequently his living environment’s distance from natural endowments and potentials have caused many problems. human’s living spaces are less desirable, and have destroyed his comfort in many cases, as manmade things. in this regard, public open spaces in residential areas can be mentioned because they are usually considered among the most vulnerable spaces due to having the least thermal comfort and spatial quality. this is because they are able to provide comfort only if they interact with nature and use natural energy sources such as sun, wind, plants etc. in this regard, this study focused on providing comfort specifically thermal comfort in residential public open spaces by using natural endowments and energies especially the sun and shadow provided by solar radiation. although this research is qualitative (due to data collection and mapping and analysis of traditional residential houses in yazd), it is also quantitative one since it proves the theory of relationship between courtyard and thermal comfort proportions. in this regard, the proportions of length, width and height of a number of yazd traditional houses courtyard was checked and real shade mask of these walls was drawn. aforementioned cases analyzed and studied in order to achieve to a logical relation between solar radiation, courtyard proportions and formation of shadows. at the end, climate guidelines have presented based on studies of yazd climate conditions, emphasizing on two factors of orientation and proportions to achieve desired open space.