investigating outdoor thermal comfort in various street patterns (case study: a neighborhood in the historical context of tabriz)

Nowadays, due to rapid urbanization, people can’t participate in outdoor activities. on the other hand, environmental issues such as climate change and heat stress have caused thermal dissatisfaction for users. in this regard, studying outdoor environments becomes crucial. in the present historical context, lack of responsive urban layout consequences not only morphological problems but also causes thermal dissatisfaction during the passages. the present study aims to find the responsive layout pattern for providing an approximate outdoor thermal comfort based on local criteria and limitations in summer and winter; which requires the minimum intervention in the current context.  in this regard, we intend to represent three basic street patterns (linear, grid, and circular) as alternative designs and attempt to localize them with the current urban layout. for analyzing the prototypes, we used envi-met beta software to compare the average amount of climatic factors, orientation, and h/w ratio for the alternatives. in addition, the pmv factor (=predicted mean vote model) was used as a measurement index of outdoor thermal comfort. according to the outcomes, the radial pattern with dominant ne-sw oriented passages prepares adequate solar energy in the winter. also, it could balance the high radiation during the summer, whereby provides optimal thermal satisfaction in both hot and cold seasons.