Production of Rosmarinic Acid in Echium amoenum Fisch. and C.A. Mey. Cell Cultures

Echium amoenum fisch. and c.a . mey. (boraginaceae) is a very popular medicinal plantwhich is used as a tonic , tranquillizer, diaphoretic, cough remedy, sore throat and pneumonia iniran's traditional medicine. callus culture ofmedicinal plants is one of the ways for produ ctionof secondary metabolites . in this study , callus culture of e. amoenum and its major secondarymet abolite were investigated. the callu s cu lture of e. amoenum was initiated and establishedfrom seeds in ms med ia with three di fferent rat ios of plant growth regulatories: ki netin, 2,4-dand naa. methanolic extr acts of freeze-dried ca lluses were compared by tlc and hplc. themajo r secondary metabolite was sep arated by preparative hplc and the structure of this purecompound was elucidated by uv, ir, one and two dimensional lh and l3c-nmr and massspe ctroscopy. rosmarinic acid was identified by various spectrosco pic meth ods from ca llusculture of e. amoenum. rosm arinic acid is widespread within the plant cell tissu e culture of thelami aceae and boragin aceae families, although in insignific ant quantities. rosmarinic acid hasan antimicrobia l, anti viral, and anti -inflammatory effect, which makes it a valuable produ ct forthe pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.