In-vitro Comparison of Cytotoxicity of Two Bioactive Glasses in Micropowder and Nanopowder forms

The cytotoxicity of the biomaterials is a key issue that should be addressed prior to pre-clinical applications. this study was designed to evaluate and compare the cytotoxixity of two forms of bioactive glasses:nanopowder and micropowder. human hgf1-pi53 gingival fibroblast cells were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/ml concentrations of the two bioactive glasses via mtt assay. the results were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and tukey’s test. a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. results showed that two bioactive glasses had statistically significant differences at 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/ml concentrations (p-value < 0.05) and there was no correlation between time and cell cytotoxicity of bioactive glasses (p-value > 0.05), using t-test and spearman’s correlation coefficient. we conclude that that cytotoxicity of nanopowder bioactive glass at concentrations ≤ 2 mg/ml was similar to micropowder bioactive glass at 24 and 48 h, however, it is more cytotoxic at concentrations ≥ 5 mg/ml in the first 48 h of applications.