preparation and in vitro property research of cholic acid nanoparticles with dual-functions of hemostasis and antibacterial

Background: hemorrhage control and anti-infection play a crucial role in promoting wound healing in trauma-related injuries. objectives: this study aimed to prepare nanoparticles with dual functions of hemostasis and antibacterial properties. methods: the dual-functional nanoparticles (cdca-pll nps) were developed using a self-assembly method based on the electrostatic forces between poly-l-lysine (pll) and chenodeoxycholic acid (cdca). the physicochemical properties, hemostatic properties, and antibacterial activities were investigated. results: the prepared nanoparticles displayed a spherical structure, exhibiting a high drug loading capacity, encapsulation efficiency, and good stability. the cdca-pll nps could reduce the hemolysis caused by pll and promote the proliferation of human fibroblasts, indicating excellent biosafety. moreover, cdca-pll nps demonstrated a shorter in vivo hemostasis time and reduced blood loss in mouse tail vein hemorrhage, femoral vein hemorrhage, femoral artery hemorrhage, and liver hemorrhage models. also, cdca-pll nps showed excellent antibacterial efficacy against e. coliand s. aureus. conclusions: cdca-pll nps have great potential to be extensively applied as a hemostatic and antibacterial agent in various clinical conditions.