green synthesis and characterization of bismuth oxide nanoparticle using mentha pulegium extract

In recent years, green synthesis of nanoparticles has attracted a great attention because of medicine and biological applications. in this work, bismuth oxide nanoparticles (bi2o3 np) was prepared via green synthesis using mentha pulegium aqueous extract after 24 h at 90°c. the product was characterized by ultraviolet-visible (uv-vis) spectrophotometer, fourier transform infrared (ftir), x-ray diffraction (xrd), dynamic light scattering (dls), scanning electron microscopy (sem), transmission electron microscope (tem), energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (eds), and diffuse reflection spectroscopy (drs). the antibacterial activities of the samples were determined against salmonella and escherichia coli (e.coli) as gram-negative bacterial and staphylococcus aureus (s.aureus) as gram-positive bacterial. the objectives of this study were the green synthesis of bismuth oxide nanoparticles using aqueous extract with a good potential for uv blocking and antibacterial activity. based on the obtained results, bi2o3 nps can have a good candidate for different applications.