Coexistence of Anticoagulant and Anti-vascular Calcification Activities in Kribbella sp. UTMC 267 Metabolites

Thrombotic disorders increase the risk of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular complications and represent a major health problem worldwide. anticoagulants are extensively used in treatment of these disorders. vitamin k antagonists, like warfarin, are frequently used in medication. vascular calcification (vc) is a significant side-effect of vitamin k antagonists especially warfarin. there is an urgent need to find natural, efficient, non-toxic, and cost effective anticoagulants without dangerous side-effect like vc. in the present study, we evaluated the potential of thirteen fermentation broth extracts of actinobacteria (fbea) (200 μg ml-1) to prolong whole blood prothrombin time (pt)/international normalized ratio (inr) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aptt). the fractions of the most effective fbea were further investigated for their inhibitory effect on vc. the results showed pt/inr of the healthy blood samples was sensitive to the presence of five fbea. their inr index fell in the 1.2 to 8.6 range and six fbea prolonged both pt/inr and aptt parameters (1.7-5 inr, and 46-59 s for aptt). the fractions of kribbella sp. utmc 267 fbe (200 μg ml-1), as the most efficient fbe, only inhibited intrinsic and common pathways of coagulation (aptt). under calcification condition, kribbella sp. utmc 267 fractions (20 μg ml-1) showed significant inhibitory effect on vc in alizarin red staining (13.3-76 %) and alkaline phosphatase activity of vsmcs (33-62%). they also inhibited osteopontin mrna expression in treated vascular smooth muscle cells (vsmcs) under that situation. so, we can introduce kribbella sp. utmc 267 fbe as a good candidate for more investigation on thrombotic medication.