musculoskeletal disorders a universal source of pain and disability misunderstood and mismanaged: a critical analysis based on the u.s. model of care

Musculoskeletal disorders are the leading source of pain and disability globally but are especially prevalent in the industrialized nations including the u.s. in addition to the substantial individual suffering caused the rising monetary costs of these disorders are noteworthy. in the u.s. alone the annual costs have been estimated to be $874 billion 5.7% of the annual u.s. g.d.p. despite these expenditures the care provided to patients with musculoskeletal disorders is highly variable and has regularly been shown to have suboptimal outcomes. the many reasons for this ineffective care include the mutable nature of the prevailing syndromes and their limited and variable understanding. the care rendered by a broad and incongruent group of providers who practice disparate methodologies and employ variable treatments. disorderedly triage comprised of arbitrary selection of providers, care methodologies, and treatments, which is prone to a range of extraneous influences. treatments that are unable to apprehend the causative pathological processes, which are therefore progressive, cause irreversible damage to the respective musculoskeletal structures, and result in enduring pain and disability. the overall lack of preventative care and the consequent prevalence of these disorders especially in specific work environments and with certain highrisk life styles. this article makes recommendations for better understanding, prevention, early recognition, timely employment of disease altering therapies, streamlining the existing care, and policy initiatives for waste confinement and improvement. these discernments may improve the overall quality of care provided to these patients, diminish the staggering pain and disability caused, and can reduce the immense costs incurred.