Duplex Ultrasonography and Haemodialysis Vascular Access: APractical Review

Background and aims: the aim of this review is to discuss the practical use of duplex ultrasonographyin the setting of dialysis vascular access, based on the current evidence and own experience. after explainingthe necessary tools and practical considerations, the role of ultrasonography in the placementof dialysis catheters will be described. then we discuss the importance of vascular access selectionwith vascular mapping, followed by an overview of the most frequent vascular access related complications(thrombosis, stenosis, dysmaturation, access induced ischemia and (pseudo) aneurisms) andtheir ultrasonographical approach.