تحلیلی بر توزیع فضایی عناصر اقلیمی با استفاده از شاخص اقلیم ساحلی (bci) به منظور توسعه گردشگری پایدار شهری(مطالعه موردی: استان مازندران)

یکی از نیازهای مهم و اساسی به‌منظور توسعه قابلیت‌ها و توانمندی‌های گردشگری یک منطقه، اقلیم مناسب گردشگری می‌باشد. استفاده از قابلیت‌ها و توانمندی‌های گردشگری، نیازمند شناخت و ارزیابی اقلیم آسایش با استفاده از روش‌های علمی مورد قبول است تا به‌طور سیستماتیک تاثیر عناصر اقلیمی بر فعالیت گردشگران را مشخص سازد. بر اساس این ضرورت، در پژوهش حاضر، به بررسی پراکنش مکانی - زمانی شرایط اقلیم گردشگری استان مازندران با استفاده از شاخصاقلیم ساحلی(beach climate index) در محیط نرم‌افزاری arcgis پرداخته شده است. به‌منظور اجرای این شاخص و رسیدن به اهداف پژوهش، از داده‌های روزانه سری زمانی ایستگاه‌های هواشناسی استان مازندران طی سال‌های 1980 تا 2018 استفاده گردید. بر حسب نیاز مدل و روش مورد استفاده، عناصر اقلیمی (به‌صورت میانگین) شامل رطوبت نسبی، سرعت باد، ساعات آفتابی، بارش ماهانه، متوسط دمای روزانه و ماهانه، ابرناکی و تعداد روزهای مه‌آلود به‌کار گرفته شده‌اند. پس از محاسبه مقادیر شاخص cpiدر محیط جی. آی. اس، برای تهیه نقشه‌های پهنه‌بندی فعالیت‌های گردشگری، با کم‌ترین میزان خطا در درون‌یابی، روش‌های درون‌یابی به‌کار گرفته شدند. نتایج شاخص اقلیم گردشگری ساحلی در سطح استان مازندران در مقیاس ماهانه، بیان‌گر آن است که بین عرصه‌های ساحلی و کوهستانی الگوهای متفاوتی از نظر شاخص آسایش گردشگری در زمان‌های مختلف سال حاکم است. در دوره پاییز و بهار، در بخش‌های ساحلی استان، به‌ویژه بخش‌های سواحل شرقی، کیفیت استراحت ساحلی در وضعیت مطلوب‌تری قرار دارد. در حالی‌که در همین دوره، در بخش‌های کوهستانی تنش سرمایی حاکم بوده و کیفیت شاخص آسایش اقلیمی را به‌نسبت عرصه‌های ساحلی کاهش می‌دهد. اما در ماه‌های تابستان، به‌دلیل حاکمیت تنش گرمایی در سواحل، عرصه‌های کوهستانی به‌لحاظ شاخص bci دارای کیفیت آسایش اقلیمی مناسب‌تری هستند.

evaluation of coastal potential using climatic elements in the development of sustainable urban tourism (case study: mazandaran province)

abstractone of the important and fundamental needs in order to develop the capabilities and capabilities of tourism in a region is the suitable climate for tourism. the use of tourism capabilities and capacities requires the recognition and evaluation of comfort climate using accepted scientific methods to systematically determine the effect of climatic elements on the activities of tourists. based on this necessity, in the current research, the spatial-temporal distribution of tourism climate conditions in mazandaran province has been investigated using the beach climate index in the arcgis software environment. in order to implement this index and achieve the goals of the research, the daily time series data of the meteorological stations of mazandaran province during the years 1980 to 2018 were used. according to the needs of the model and method used, climate elements (on average) including relative humidity, wind speed, sunny hours, monthly precipitation, average daily and monthly temperature, cloudiness and number of foggy days have been used. after calculating the values of the cpi index in the j environment. oh you. s, interpolation methods were used to prepare tourism activity zoning maps with the least amount of error in interpolation. the results of the coastal tourism climate index at the level of mazandaran province on a monthly scale indicate that between the coastal and mountainous areas different patterns prevail in terms of tourism comfort index at different times of the year. in autumn and spring, in the coastal parts of the province, especially the parts of the eastern coast, the quality of beach rest is in a better condition. meanwhile, in the same period, cold stress prevails in the mountainous parts and reduces the quality of the climatic comfort index compared to the coastal areas. but in the summer months, due to the rule of heat stress in the coasts, the mountainous areas have a more suitable climatic comfort quality according to the bci index.key words: climatic comfort, beach rest, time series, interpolation, climatic elementsabstractone of the important and fundamental needs in order to develop the capabilities and capabilities of tourism in a region is the suitable climate for tourism. the use of tourism capabilities and capacities requires the recognition and evaluation of comfort climate using accepted scientific methods to systematically determine the effect of climatic elements on the activities of tourists. based on this necessity, in the current research, the spatial-temporal distribution of tourism climate conditions in mazandaran province has been investigated using the beach climate index in the arcgis software environment. in order to implement this index and achieve the goals of the research, the daily time series data of the meteorological stations of mazandaran province during the years 1980 to 2018 were used. according to the needs of the model and method used, climate elements (on average) including relative humidity, wind speed, sunny hours, monthly precipitation, average daily and monthly temperature, cloudiness and number of foggy days have been used. after calculating the values of the cpi index in the j environment. oh you. s, interpolation methods were used to prepare tourism activity zoning maps with the least amount of error in interpolation. the results of the coastal tourism climate index at the level of mazandaran province on a monthly scale indicate that between the coastal and mountainous areas different patterns prevail in terms of tourism comfort index at different times of the year. in autumn and spring, in the coastal parts of the province, especially the parts of the eastern coast, the quality of beach rest is in a better condition. meanwhile, in the same period, cold stress prevails in the mountainous parts and reduces the quality of the climatic comfort index compared to the coastal areas. but in the summer months, due to the rule of heat stress in the coasts, the mountainous areas have a more suitable climatic comfort quality according to the bci index.key words: climatic comfort, beach rest, time series, interpolation, climatic elementsabstractone of the important and fundamental needs in order to develop the capabilities and capabilities of tourism in a region is the suitable climate for tourism. the use of tourism capabilities and capacities requires the recognition and evaluation of comfort climate using accepted scientific methods to systematically determine the effect of climatic elements on the activities of tourists. based on this necessity, in the current research, the spatial-temporal distribution of tourism climate conditions in mazandaran province has been investigated using the beach climate index in the arcgis software environment. in order to implement this index and achieve the goals of the research, the daily time series data of the meteorological stations of mazandaran province during the years 1980 to 2018 were used. according to the needs of the model and method used, climate elements (on average) including relative humidity, wind speed, sunny hours, monthly precipitation, average daily and monthly temperature, cloudiness and number of foggy days have been used. after calculating the values of the cpi index in the j environment. oh you. s, interpolation methods were used to prepare tourism activity zoning maps with the least amount of error in interpolation. the results of the coastal tourism climate index at the level of mazandaran province on a monthly scale indicate that between the coastal and mountainous areas different patterns prevail in terms of tourism comfort index at different times of the year. in autumn and spring, in the coastal parts of the province, especially the parts of the eastern coast, the quality of beach rest is in a better condition. meanwhile, in the same period, cold stress prevails in the mountainous parts and reduces the quality of the climatic comfort index compared to the coastal areas. but in the summer months, due to the rule of heat stress in the coasts, the mountainous areas have a more suitable climatic comfort quality according to the bci index.key words: climatic comfort, beach rest, time series, interpolation, climatic elements