high-expression of v-domain imuunoglobulin suppressor of t-cell activation (vista) is correlated with advanced pathological features in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

V-domain imuunoglobulin suppressor of t-cell activation (vista) seems a promising immune checkpoint target in cancer treatment; however, its prognostic significance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (pdac) remains unknown.herein, 29 fresh pdac tissue samples were used to evaluate the mrna expression level of vista by real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr). besides, 40 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded pdac tissues were collected to evaluate vista protein expression by immunohistochemistry.real-time pcr indicated that high expression of vista was significantly correlated with advanced stages of the cancer, based on the tumor/node/metastasis (tnm) stagingand tumor cell differentiation.  immunohistochemistry results also showed significant correlation of the elevated cytoplasmic expression of vista with advanced tnm stages, older age of the patients and was a worsening indicator, regarding the disease-specific survival.in conclusion, we found that the expression levels of vista can be a potential prognostic biomarker in pdac patients and its elevated levels are correlated with poor prognostic outcomes.