different gene expression patterns of il-1 family members in parkinson's disease: results from bayesian regression model

Parkinson's disease, the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder lacking a recognized etiology, is influenced by oxidative stress and alterations in inflammatory cytokine levels. this study aimed to investigate the expression levels of interleukin(il)1 receptor accessory protein (il-1racp), il1β, il1α, il33, and il36 genes in blood cells and serum il-1β levels in parkinson's disease patients compared to healthy controls (hcs).in this case-control study, 44 parkinson's disease patients and 44 age- and sex-matched hcs were included. gene expression levels were assessed using quantitative real-time pcr, and serum il-1β levels were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. advanced statistical analyses using the bayesian regression model in r software were employed.parkinson's disease patients exhibited elevated expression levels of il-1racp and il1β genes but decreased levels of il1α, il33, and il36 compared to hcs. age-based differences were not significant. regarding gender, il33 transcript levels were significantly higher in males, and serum il-1β levels were increased in patients. subgroup analysis by gender indicated alterations in il1β and il-1racp expression in both genders, while il1α, il33, and il36 showed reduced expression only in males. remarkably, only female patients displayed significantly higher serum il-1β levels than female hcs.these findings suggest that dysregulation of immune-related factors plays a crucial role in parkinson's disease.