Analysis of pituitary MRI morphological parameters and changes in 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, free thyroxine, and sex hormone levels in female children with central precocious puberty

Background: this study aims to investigate the pituitary mri morphological parameters and alterations in 25-hydroxyvitamin d3 [25-(oh) d3], free thyroxine (ft4), and sex hormone levels in female children with central precocious puberty (cpp) and assess their clinical relevance. materials and methods: from february 2022 to february 2023, 46 female children with cpp and 46 healthy controls were included. pituitary mri morphological parameters, 25-(oh) d3, ft4, and sex hormone levels were compared. diagnostic values of each parameter were assessed. results: patients with cpp exhibited higher pituitary height and altered morphology compared to controls, with a higher proportion in grades 4 and 5 (p < 0.05). coronal and sagittal dimensions were increased, while coronal width was decreased in the study group (p < 0.05). levels of e2, lh, fsh, and ft4 were elevated, while 25-(oh) d3 was reduced in cpp patients (p < 0.05). pituitary height, coronal height, and hormone levels showed high diagnostic value for cpp, with auc values ranging from 0.811 to 0.886. combined diagnosis using these indicators improved auc to 0.909. conclusion: in female children with cpp, significant differences exist in pituitary mri morphological parameters, sex hormones, 25-(oh) d3 and ft4 levels, providing valuable diagnostic insights for cpp.