in vitro development of embryos from experimentally kerack-addicted mice

Background: prenatal drug exposure, as a common public health concern, is associated with an increased risk of adverse effects on early embryo development. objective: to investigate the in vitro development of - embryo from experimentally kerack-addicted mice. materials and methods: twenty-five female mice were studied in five groups: control, vehicle, and three experimental groups of kerack-dependent mice (i, ii, and iii) which received different doses of kerack for 14 days. after the establishment of addiction model (7 days), experimental groups i, ii, and iii were given kerack intraperitoneally at the doses of 5, 35, and 70 mg/kg, twice a day for a period of 7 days, respectively. the vehicle group received normal saline and lemon juice whilst the control group just received water and food. morulae were obtained through oviduct flashing. the survived embryos were cultured in t6+ 5mg/ml bovine serum albumin. the developmental rates up to hatched stage daily and embryo quality (differential staining and tunnel staining) were also assessed results: the developmental potential of embryos obtained from the addicted mother was significantly decreased in comparison with control group. there was a significant reduction in the rate of blastocyst formation in the high dose kerack dependent group. however, in addicted mice there was reduction in the total cell number (40.92% vs. 65.08% in control) and, inner cell mass percentage (17.17% vs. 26.15% in control) while apoptotic cells numbers were increased (7.17 vs. 1.46 in control) (p<0.05). conclusion: the kerack addiction during pregnancy retards preimplantation development and induces apoptosis.