effects of single-dose and co-supplementation of vitamin d and omega-3 on metabolic profile in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: an rct

Background: polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) is a heterogeneous medical condition with a cluster of metabolic and endocrine disorders including dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and hyperandrogenism.objective: the present study aimed to determine the effects of single-dose and co-supplementation of vitamin d (vit d) and omega-3 (o3) on anthropometric and several biochemical factors in women with pcos.materials and methods: in this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 80 pcos women referred to shahid motahhari clinic, shiraz, iran, from april to october 2017 were studied in 4 groups (n = 20/each) for 8 wk. the placebo group received the placebo capsule (paraffin oil); 1 weekly and 2/daily; the vit d group received vit d (50,000 iu/weekly) + 2 placebo capsules daily, o3 group,    2, o3 capsules daily + 1 placebo capsule weekly, and vit d + o3 (50000 iu/weekly vit d + 2, o3 capsules daily). before and after 8 wk of intervention, height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides, total cholesterol (tc), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood sugar, homeostasis model of insulin resistance index, and sex hormone binding globulin were compared between groups.results: the significant reduction was detected in serum triglyceride (p = 0.002), tc (p = 0.04), fasting blood sugar (p = 0.02), insulin (p = 0.001), and homeostasis model of insulin resistance index (p = 0.001) concentrations in all vit d, o3, and vit d + o3 supplemented groups compared to the placebo group. furthermore, in comparison with the placebo group, a significant increase was observed in serum sex hormone binding globulin levels after vit d, o3, and vit d + o3 treatments. nevertheless, no significant changes were observed in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and anthropometric indices in all treated participants.conclusion: the current study indicated that single dose and co-supplementation of vit d and o3 for 8 wk was associated with beneficial effects on serum triglyceride, tc, insulin, and sex hormone binding globulin concentrations among women suffering from pcos.