Ocular Lymphoma: Clinical, Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Aspects

Ocular involvement in lymphoma is a relatively rare conditionthat can result from a primary intraocular lymphoma or an intraocularmanifestation of systemic lymphoma. lymphomamanifestations frequently masquerade as other more benignintraocular conditions including allergic or infectious conjunctivitis,uveitis, multiple evanescent white dot syndrome, acuteretinal necrosis, or herpetic retinitis. accurate diagnosis dependson a high index of suspicion and frequently requireshistopathological analysis of specimens, particularly vitreousbiopsy, subretinal aspiration, or retinal biopsy with flow cytometry, polymerase chain reaction, or immunohistochemistrymethods. most of ocular lymphomas are of b lineage. diagnosisis often complex and needs use of paraclinical evaluations.treatment mainly consists of chemotherapy. it is important toreview the ocular manifestations of lymphoma to assist ophthalmologistsin prompt diagnosis of ocular lymphoma. and italso helps oncologists to recognize the need for a complete ophthalmicevaluation in the diagnosis, follow-up, and managementof patients with lymphoma.