Efficacy of Two Insecticides: Methyl Carbamate and Aluminium Phosphide on Leishmaniasis Vectors in Varamin, Iran

Background: leishmaniosis is a prevalent tropical parasincdisease, which is caused by leishmania protozoa. the infectioncan be limited in immune-competent individuals; however, inimmune-compromised individuals it could proceed to chronicand ulcerative disease. the reservoirs are carnivores, androdents and its vectors are phlebotomus and lutzumia.methods: the prevalence of different spices of phlebotomuspopulations and the effects of insecticides on them are investigatedin abardejhe district located in southeast of tehran,iran. tablets of aluminum phosphide (3 g) and residual formulationof methyl carbamate at concentrations of i and 2g/rn were used in rodents' burrows.results: phlebotomus population was highly sensitive to bothinsecticides used here, and their population significantlydecreased by 80% within two months after application of insecticides.the effects of methyl carbamate at concentrations usedlasted two months longer than that of aluminum phosphide.conclusion: control and prevention of leishmania infectiondepends on the habitat and behavior of vectors and reservoirs.periodic insecticide spray ing, using residual compoundinside and outside residential areas, as well as breadingplaces of sandflies, specially rodent's burrows, areshown to be very effective.