quadruplet heterotopic pregnancy following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer with laparotomic removal of ruptured twin tubal ectopic pregnancy: a case report

Heterotopic pregnancy (hp) is a rare occurrence in natural pregnancies. however, it can be a life-threatening condition and should be taken into account in all assisted reproductive treatments. diagnosis and treatment of ectopic pregnancy are challenging issues in patients with hp. here, we report a rare case of quadruplet hp following an in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer with a viable twin intrauterine pregnancy and ruptured live twin left tubal ectopic pregnancy. a 35-year-old woman (gravida 5, para 1, ectopic pregnancies 2, and abortion 1) was presented to the emergency department of arash women’s hospital (tehran, iran) in march 2021 with abdominal pain. the patient was at six weeks and five days of pregnancy following in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer. transvaginal sonography (tvs) revealed a live twin intrauterine pregnancy with a ruptured live twin left tubal ectopic pregnancy. the latter was removed via laparotomy to preserve the intrauterine pregnancy. the patient subsequently delivered a female infant at 38 weeks of pregnancy.