control of cutaneous leishmaniasis using deltamethrin treated nets in comparison to indoors residual spraying in a rural area of iran

Background: cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is an important vector-borne disease in iran. the present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of deltamethrin treated nets in comparison to indoors residual spraying (irs) for the control of leishmaniasis in a new focal area of iran. methods: the study was carried out in 5 villages in the west of iran during 2012-2013. one village was selected to the application of insecticide treated nets (itns, 25 mg/m2 deltamethrin) among residents. four other villages were considered for irs using deltamethrin emulsion, 2.5% eg and aicon 10wp. spraying was repeated after 3 month. other control methods e.g. environmental managements, and treatment of positive cases were carried out in all villages. results: after 1 yr of trial, the cases of disease reduced from 50 to 2 and 128 to 5 for itns distributed nets and use of irs in the villages, respectively. conclusion: reduction of cl cases in both methods were significant (p<0.001).