تفاوت‌های فضایی در منطقه البرز جنوبی

بررسی تفاوت فضایی در محدوده های جغرافیایی مختلف در سال های اخیر مورد توجه برنامه ریزان قرار گرفته است و به شکل چشم گیری توجهات سیاسی را به خود جلب کرده است. وجود تفاوت های فضایی در مناطق مختلف جهان باعث شده یک، دو یا چند منطقه از وضعیت مناسب خدمات عمومی و بالطبع شکوفایی اقتصادی- اجتماعی برخوردار بوده و نقش عمده ای در ایجاد درآمد و تولید ملی ایفا کنند. این امر می تواند منجر به عقب نگه داشتن مناطق دیگر از توسعه و افزایش شکاف و نابرابری بین مناطق و نواحی مختلف شود. هدف اصلی این مقاله تحلیل تفاوت های فضایی در منطقه البرز جنوبی از طریق استخراج مولفه ها، عوامل و شاخص‌های تاثیرگذار بر این مفهوم و رابطه این مولفه ها با فاصله گرفتن از مرکز منطقه، استان و خوشه است. در این راستا اطلاعات مربوط به 57 شهرستان واقع در محدوده منطقه البرز جنوبی استخراج و با استفاده از روش های تحلیل عاملی و خوشه ای عوامل و مولفه های فضایی توسعه در این مناطق احصا و مقادیر فاصله از مرکز خوشه، استان و منطقه محاسبه و رابطه بین عوامل مختلف توسعه با بعد فضایی از طریق روش همبستگی پیرسون مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد با فاصله گرفتن از مرکز منطقه و استان شرایط اقتصادی-اجتماعی تقلیل یافته اما وضعیت کالبدی (فقط برای فاصله از مرکز منطقه) و اکولوژیکی بهبود پیدا می کند. لذا می توان گفت تفاوت های فضایی در منطقه البرز جنوبی منجر به شکلگیری یک الگوی متمرکز در این منطقه شده که با انباشت و شکل گیری قطب های رشد در مراکز قدرت و متعاقباً کاهش کیفیت اکولوژیکی و خدماتی آن همراه بوده است.

spatial disparities in the south alborz region

the investigation of spatial disparities and their characteristics across various geographical regions has increasingly become a focal point for urban planners in recent years, attracting considerable political attention. the presence of spatial disparities in diverse global regions has resulted in certain regions benefiting from adequate level of public services and socio-economic prosperity, thereby significantly contributing to national income and production. conversely, this phenomenon hampers development in other regions, exacerbating the inequality and disparity between various districts. existing literature indicates that spatial disparity has engendered uneven and unbalanced growth across different regions in iran. such disparities have precipitated imbalances within geographical areas, leading to pronounced variations in social, economic, ecological, and physical indicators. consequently, the primary goal of this article is to identify the components, factors, and indicators that influence spatial disparities and to analyze the relationship between these elements and their distance from regional, provincial, and cluster centers in the southern alborz region. this region, recognized as one of iran's national-regional physical areas, encompasses seven provinces—semnan, tehran, alborz, qom, markazi, qazvin, and zanjan—and includes 57 districts located within these provinces. by evaluating the factors and spatial components of development within these districts in conjunction with their distance from the cluster center (utilizing cluster analysis), the provincial and regional center (employing the od matrix method), this study examines the correlation between various developmental factors and spatial dimensions through the pearson correlation coefficient. the findings of this research reveal that an increase in distance from both the regional and provincial centers correlates with a decline in socio-economic conditions; however, physical conditions (notably only concerning distance from center of region) and ecological conditions show improvement. therefore, it can be concluded that spatial disparities within the southern alborz region has fostered a concentrated pattern characterized by the aggregation and establishment of growth poles in power centers. furthermore, a center-periphery model appears to dominate the socio-economic landscape of the southern alborz region, wherein peripheral and marginal areas exhibit lower levels of development in these dimensions. in contrast, the ecological and physical dimensions, present a different scenario. in fact, considering the pollution level in the surrounding cities of the tehran metropolis, it is reasonable to observe an improvement in environmental conditions as one moves away from this urban center. additionally, the concentration of economic and social resources within the tehran metropolis (absent adequate spatial facilities) has triggered population movements from surrounding areas toward the center, thereby diminishing both the quantity and quality of welfare services available in this region. therefore, it can be asserted that spatial disparities in the southern alborz region result in the emergence of a concentrated social, demographic, and economic pattern characterized by the accumulation of growth poles in central areas, alongside a subsequent decline in ecological integrity and service quality in the peripheral regions.