بررسی جنبه های ذاتی طراحی از منظر پژوهشگران حوزه تفکر طراحی

تفکر طراحی که از دیرباز موضوع مورد بحث پژوهشگران حوزه طراحی بوده، مجموعه ای از مفاهیم و جنبه های درونی و بیرونی است که در فرایند طراحی توسط طراحان به کار گرفته می شود. ازاین رو، انجام تحقیقاتی که شیوه تفکر طراحانه را مورد بررسی قرار دهد و شناخت مناسبی از آن پدید آورد، دارای اهمیت می باشد. طی مطالعات صورت گرفته در این پژوهش در زمینه تفکر طراحی، به لزوم پرداختن به نظریه های متفکرین این حوزه درباره جنبه های ذاتی طراحی پی برده شده است. هدف از این پژوهش، دستیابی به مهمترین جنبه های ذاتی و درونی طراحی است که مورد توجه پژوهشگران برجسته حوزه تفکر طراحی می باشد که به روش توصیفی و با رویکرد کیفی و از طریق گردآوری اطلاعات اسنادی (کتابخانه ای) انجام شده است. نتایج حاصل از آن نشان می دهد که پژوهشگران در مطالعات خود به هفده جنبه ذاتی طراحی اشاره کرده اند، که برایان لاوسن و نایجل کراس بیشترین مطالعات را بر روی این جنبه ها انجام داده اند. هم چنین بیشترین توجه پژوهشگران به ترتیب به جنبه های ذاتی «خلاقیت» و «اسکیس» وکم ترین توجه پژوهشگران به جنبه های ذاتی «بینش ذهنی ناگهانی» و «طرح واره» معطوف شده است. بیشتر پژوهشگران نیز به ترتیب به جنبه های «خلاقیت،» «یافت گری یا کشف،» «شهود» و «ناخودآگاه» پرداخته اند که نشان از اهمیت این جنبه ها دارد.

Investigating the Intrinsic Aspects of Design from the Perspective of Researchers in the Field of Design Thinking

Design with the aim of changing the world is a creativeand systematic process and has different stages with aclear, orderly and relational sequence. Design thinking,which has long been the subject of discussion by designresearchers, is a set of internal and external concepts andaspects that are used by designers in the design process.Therefore, it is important to conduct research that examinesthe design thinking style and creates a good understandingof it. During the studies conducted in this research in thefield of design thinking, the necessity of addressing thetheories of thinkers in this field about the intrinsic aspectsof design has been realized. The purpose of this research isto achieve the most important intrinsic and internal aspectsof design that are considered by prominent researchersin the field of design thinking, which is descriptive andbased on studies and studies conducted in the research andwritings of these five prominent designers in the field ofdesign thinking. They have mostly worked in this fieldand the book of design encyclopedia has been done witha qualitative approach and has been done by deskbasedstudy. After a preliminary study of the text of the researchesand writings of the selected researchers, and achieving theintrinsic and internal aspects of the design expressed bythem, this study examines the level of attention of eachresearcher that has paid to this aspect. Therefore, from thisperspective, it is a kind of theoretical study and contentanalysis and is based on the study and inference of topicsfrom data. The results show that researchers have pointedto seventeen inherent aspects of design in their studies,of which Brian Lawson and Nigel Cross have done themost. Also, the most attention of researchers has beenpaid to the intrinsic aspects of “creativity” and “sketch”,respectively, and the least attention of researchers has beenpaid to the intrinsic aspects of “sudden mental insight” and“schema”. Most researchers have dealt with the aspectsof “creativity”, “discovery or discovery”, “intuition” and“unconscious”, respectively, which show the importance ofthese aspects. Finally, this research is a step to start futurestudies in order to achieve the way of thinking of designersand provide the best model of design thinking based onthe intrinsic and internal aspects of design. Based on thefindings of the present study, the question arises: To whatextent do they create the product according to the inherentaspects of the design? And whether it is possible to providea suitable model for the design process according to themost important internal and intrinsic aspects of design forthe work creation process? Also, in the continuation of thepresent study, it is possible to study the indepth positionregarding the content used in each of these intrinsic andinternal aspects along with environmental influences andpersonality traits and use factor analysis methods to expandthe results as much as possible.