بررسی میزان توزیع ماده‌ی خشک بین اندام‌های مختلف در گیاه باقلا (vicia faba l.)

اﻃﻼﻋﺎت اﻧﺪﻛﻲ درﺑﺎره ﻛﻤﻴﺖ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ و ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻣﺎده ی ﺧﺸﻚ در ﺑﺎﻗﻼ (vicia faba l.) ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﺪف اﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آوردن ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﻋﺪدی ﺿﺮاﻳﺐ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻣﺎده ی ﺧﺸﻚ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻧﺪام ﻫﺎی ﮔﻴﺎه ﺑﺎﻗﻼ در ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﻫﺎ و ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻛﺎﺷﺖ ﺑﻮد. آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮرﻳﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮک ﻫﺎی ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎی ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﻛﺎﺷﺖ در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ 7 آذر، 24 آذر و 17 دی و ﺗﺮاﻛﻢ ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﻄﺢ 8، 12، 16 و 20 ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﻲ 1391 92 در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻋﻠﻮم ﻛﺸﺎورزی و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﮔﻨﺒﺪ ﻛﺎووس در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ دﻳﻢ و ﺑﺎ 4 ﺗﻜﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. وزن ﺧﺸﻚ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻔﻜﻴﻚ اﻧﺪام ﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ و ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ ﻓﻨﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﮔﻴﺎه ﻃﻲ دوره ﻛﺎﺷﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮی ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻣﺎده ی ﺧﺸﻚ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮگ و ﺳﺎﻗﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ از ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺷﺮوع ﻏﻼف دﻫﻲ r3، از راﺑﻄﻪ ﺧﻄﻲ ﭘﻴﺮوی ﻣﻲ ﻛﺮد. ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻣﺎده ی ﺧﺸﻚ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮگ و ﺳﺎﻗﻪ در ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﻛﺎﺷﺖ 7 آذر ﻣﺎه 62:37، در ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﻛﺎﺷﺖ 24 آذر ﻣﺎه 60:39 و در ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﻛﺎﺷﺖ 17 دی ﻣﺎه 54:40 ﺑﻮد. ﻣﺎده ی ﺧﺸﻜﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ اﺧﺘﺼﺎص ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺗﺮ از ﻣﺎده ی ﺧﺸﻚ ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮگ ﺑﻮد و از ﻃﺮﻓﻲ رﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ای ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﭼﻨﺪاﻧﻲ روی ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻣﺎده ﺧﺸﻚ ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ. داده ﻫﺎی ﭘﺲ از دوره داﻧﻪ ﺑﻨﺪی ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ دوره ﻗﺒﻞ از آن ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺪﮔﻲ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺗﺮی داﺷﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻً ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﺠﺪد ﻣﺎده ی ﺧﺸﻚ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺿﺮاﻳﺐ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﭘﺲ از دوره داﻧﻪ ﺑﻨﺪی ﻣﺆﺛﺮ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ. از اﻳﻦ رو اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺿﺮاﻳﺐ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺮای ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻣﺎده ی ﺧﺸﻚ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺑﺮگ ﺗﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ از ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﻏﻼف دﻫﻲ و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺿﺮاﻳﺐ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻣﺎده ی ﺧﺸﻚ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻣﻔﻬﻮم اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺧﻄﻲ در ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ی ﻏﻼف دﻫﻲ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺗﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ از اﻳﻦ ﺿﺮاﻳﺐ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان در ﻣﺪل ﻫﺎی ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﺳﺎزی رﺷﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻧﻤﻮد.

Investigation of dry matter partitioning amount between different organs in faba (Vicia faba L.)

Quantitative information regarding biomass partitioning in faba (Vicia faba L.) is limited. The purpose of this study was to obtain the values of the distribution coefficients of dry matter between different parts of faba plant under different sowing dates and densities conditions. This experiment was conducted in Gonbad Kavoos during 2012 2013 in rainfed conditions. Experimental design was a factorial arrangement of treatments based on randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments were combinations of sowing dates (27 November 2012, 14 December 2012 and 7 January 2013) and four plant densities (8, 12, 16 and 20 plants m 2). Dry weight of the separation of different organs and phenological stages were measured between emergence and maturity. A linear relation was found for biomass partitioning between leaves and stems before podding stage (R3). Ratio of dry matter distribution among leaf and stem on 27November 2012, 14 December 2012 and 7 January 2013 were 62:37, 60:39 and 54:40, respectively. Dry matter that was dedicated to stem more than leaf. On the other hand competition between of plants had not significant effect on dry matter distribution. Dispersion between data was more after podding stage than before it, which is probably due to translocation of dry mater.