Dissemination of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV-AF2240) in Liver during Intratumoral Injection of Xenotransplant Breast Cancer in BALB/c Mice

Newcastle disease virus (ndv) or avian paramyxovirus type1 possessesseveral unique properties that make it an excellent anticancer agent. the hemagglutininneuraminidase (hn) protein of ndv plays an important role in viral infection. thepurpose of the present study is to investigate the dissemination of newcastle diseasevirus (ndv) af2240 strain in the liver during intratumoral injection in 4t1 breast cancerin female balb/c mice.materials and methods: a total of 200 female balb/c mice were divided randomlyinto 10 cancerous groups consisting of 20 mice per group. the mice were initially inducedwith 104 4t1 cells, ndv-af2240 and tamoxifen co-culture. cancerous groupswere divided into: cancer control (cc), cancer treated with 0.5 ىg/ml tamoxifen citrate(ct), cancer treated with 8, 16, 32 and 64ha units of ndv-af2240 (respectivelynamed c/ndv8, c/ndv16, c/ndv32, c/ndv64), cancer treated with 8, 16, 32 and64ha units of ndv-af2240 and tamoxifen (respectively as ct/ndv8, ct/ndv16, ct/ndv32 and ct/ndv64 daily for four weeks). in situ reverse transcription polymerasechain reaction (in situ rt-pcr), negative staining electron microscopy (nsem), polyclonalchicken antibody and goat anti-chicken antibody conjugated with fluoresceinisothiocynate (fitc) using confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm) were used todetect the virus in the tumor and liver.results: in situ rt-pcr, nsem and clsm successfully detected ndv-af2240 intumor cells and liver.conclusion: the findings showed ndv-af2240 disseminated into liver during intratumoralinjection